Unsur Qira'at Mutawâtirah & Syâdzdzah dalam Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan Karya Muhammad Said Umar: Analisis Ayat-ayat Akidah, Syariah, Dan Akhlak

Muhammad Haikal Hasmezam

Authors

Muhammad Haikal Hasmezam Universitas PTIQ Jakarta Author

Keywords:

Tafsir Nur Al-Ihsan, Qira'at, Qira'at Tafsîriyyah, Qur'anic Exegesis, Al-Nasyr Fî Al-Qirâ’ât Al-’Asyr

Abstract

Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan, written by Muhammad Said bin Umar (1854–1932), is widely recognized as the first complete thirty-volume Malay-language Qur'anic commentary, combining the bi al-ma’tsûr and bi al-ra’yi approaches. Although this work is not predominantly a tafsir bi al-qirâ’ât as found in works such as Tafsir al-Nasafi, closer examination reveals that elements of qira'at (Qur'anic reading variants) are consistently present and carry a significant interpretive function. This study analyzes the use of qira'at in Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan through three verses representing the domains of faith (Q.S. al-Baqarah: 37), law (Q.S. al-Baqarah: 198), and ethics (Q.S. al-Baqarah: 222). Using a qualitative library research method with a descriptive-analytical approach, this study examines the primary text together with classical qira'at references, namely al-Nasyr fî al-Qirâ’ât al-’Asyr and Taqrîb al-Nasyr by Ibn al-Jazari. The findings show that Muhammad Said employed both mutawâtirah (canonical) and syâdzdzah/tafsîriyyah (companion-transmitted) qira'at to enrich theological, legal, and ethical meaning. The use of qira'at is selective and functional rather than dominant, serving as a supplementary instrument that deepens and reinforces his interpretation. These findings demonstrate that Muhammad Said's command of qira'at scholarship exceeds the first impression created by a cursory reading of his work.

References

Abdullah, M. (2009). Khazanah Tafsir di Nusantara. Penerbit Universiti Malaya.

Abdullah, W. M. S. (2004). Muhammad Said bin Umar: Pengarang Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan. Utusan Malaysia.

Ahmad, M. N., & Saad, M. F. M. (2018). Metodologi Muhammad Said Umar Terhadap Periwayatan Hadith-Hadith Asbab al-Nuzul Dalam Tafsir Nurul Ihsan. Jurnal al-Turath, 3(1), 11–20.

Ahmad, M. N., Abdul Kadir, M. N., & Hussin, H. (2016). Pengaplikasian Kaedah Tafsir al-Qur'an dengan Qira'at oleh Muhammad Said bin Umar di dalam Tafsir Nurul Ihsan. Jurnal al-Turath, 1(1), 65–73.

Akbar, W., Irham, M., & Damis, R. (2026). Menelusuri metodologi tafsir bi al-ma’tsur: Sumber, prinsip, dan validitas riwayat. PESHUM: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Humaniora, 5(3), 5926–5935.

Al-Bukhari, A. 'A. M. b. I. (1924). Sahih al-Bukhari. Faisal 'Isa al-Babi al-Halabi.

Al-Sabuni, S. M. 'A. (2007). Rawa'i' al-Bayan fi Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam. Dar al-Sabuni.

Amer, U., Qamar, M. Z. S., & Mohamad, M. R. M. (2022). Implikasi pentafsiran Qirā’āt Syādhdhah terhadap ayat-ayat hukum dalam Surah al-Baqarah: Kajian kitab Tafsir Al-Munīr oleh Wahbah Al-Zuhaili. QIRAAT: Jurnal Al-Quran dan Isu-isu Kontemporari, 5(2), 24–33.

Aziz, A. A. A. (2025). The impact of Qiraat Asyrah diversity on the meaning of Qur'an Surah Al-Maidah. Journal of Ulumul Qur'an and Tafsir Studies, 4(1), 29–39.

Faruq, U. (2025). Implications of various qiraah mutawatirah on the interpretation of legal verses. Proceeding of International Conference on Education, Society and Humanity, 3(1), 984–988.

Fikri, I. (2006). Taqrîb al-Ṭayyibah. Al-Maktabah al-Islamiyyah.

Fitriansyah, M. B., Yudistira, S., & Zulaiha, E. (2025). The transformation of tafsir bi al-ra'yi: History, methodological limitations, and the dynamics of scholarly debate. al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies, 8(4), 2248–2261.

Halim, A. A., Razelan, M. A. M., Salaeh, A., Mohamed, A. K., & Hassan, S. N. S. (2019). Kajian Metodologi Penulisan Tafsir Nur Ihsan. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Quran as Foundation of Civilisation (SWAT 2019), 427–438. USIM.

Hidayah, T., & Akbar, A. (2025). Metodologi penafsiran Al-Qur’an (Tahlili dan ijmali). Jejak Digital: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(3), 123–133.

Ibn al-Jazari, M. b. M. (2015). Tayyibat al-Nashr fi al-Qira'at al-'Ashr. Dar al-Ghawthani.

Ibn al-Jazari, M. b. M. (2004). Taqrib al-Nasyr fi al-Qira'at al-'Asyr. Dar al-Hadith.

Ibn al-Jazari, M. b. M. (2016). Al-Nasyr fi al-Qira'at al-'Asyr (2 jilid). Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah.

Salim, F., Ibrahim, T., & Zulaiha, E. (2026). Tafsir ijmali as an initial method in interpreting the Al-Qur'an. al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies, 9(1), 1668–1676.

Umar, M. S. b. (1970). Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan (4 jilid). Matba'ah Bin Halabi.

Yusoff, Z. H. M., & Muhammad, H. (2005). Biografi Haji Muhammad Said dan Sejarah Penulisan Tafsir Nur al-Ehsan. Al-Bayan: Journal of al-Quran & al-Hadith, 3, 65–82.

Yusuff, M. S. S., & Sahad, M. N. (2013). Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan by Syeikh Muhammad Sa'id: An intertextual reading. International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(10), 164–171.