Korelasi Pemahaman Riba dengan Perilaku Penggunaan Paylater di Kalangan Mahasiswa STIES Saleh Budiman Tasikmalaya
Keywords:
Knowledge-Behavior Gap, Islamic Financial Literacy, Paylater, RibaAbstract
The rapid growth of Paylater services among university students is not always accompanied by adequate understanding of Islamic financial principles, particularly regarding riba (usury). This study aims to analyze the correlation between riba comprehension and Paylater usage behavior among students of STIES Saleh Budiman, as well as to identify the knowledge-behavior gap phenomenon. A quantitative approach with Spearman correlation method was applied, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 81 students selected via accidental sampling. Results indicate that the level of riba comprehension is high (mean = 4.16), while Paylater usage behavior is low (mean = 2.14). Spearman correlation analysis reveals a significant negative relationship between riba comprehension and Paylater usage behavior (ρ = -0.316; p = 0.004), meaning that higher riba comprehension is associated with lower tendency to use Paylater. Nevertheless, indications of a knowledge-behavior gap persist, wherein high comprehension has not fully translated into consistent behavioral outcomes. Therefore, improving Islamic financial literacy must be accompanied by efforts to shape attitudes and create environments that support financially responsible behavior in accordance with Islamic principles.
References
Adilla, N. ’, Rupianti, R., & Maesaroh, F. (2026). Financial Slay: Peningkatan Literasi Keuangan dan Kesehatan Mental bagi Siswa Generasi Z di Kota Probolinggo. PROFICIO , 7(2), 613–623. https://doi.org/10.36728/.V7I2.6660
Adytia, D. Y. (2017). Perilaku Konsumsi Generasi Millennial dalam Penggunaan E-Commerce di Era Digtial (Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa di Kota Malang). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FEB, 6(2), 1–15. https://jimfeb.ub.ac.id/index.php/jimfeb/article/view/4818
Ajzen, I. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4), 314–324. https://doi.org/10.1002/HBE2.195;WGROUP:STRING:PUBLICATION
Alward, R., Lesilolo, A., Stefanus Kembau, A., Fricilla, D., & Malae, E. (2024). Menilai Pengaruh Manfaat, Kepercayaan, dan Kemudahan Terhadap Adopsi Layanan Paylater: Perspektif Pengguna Shopee Paylater di Jakarta. Digismantech (Jurnal Program Studi Bisnis Digital), 4(1), 18–33. https://doi.org/10.30813/DIGISMANTECH.V4I1.5956
Amalia, P. D., Sukamto, & Mundir, A. (2026). Analisis Praktik Penggunaan Shopee Paylater dalam Transaksi Jual Beli terhadap Pola Perilaku Konsumsi Masyarakat Muslim di Kecamatan Pacet Kabupaten Mojokerto. Currency (Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Perbankan Syariah), 4(2), 92–108. https://doi.org/10.32806/CURRENCY.V4I2.1811
Amrona, Y. L., Nurhuda, A., Assajad, A., Al Fajri, M., & Engku Ab Rahman, T. E. S. (2024). The Concept of Educator from the Perspective of Prophetic Hadiths. Fahima, 3(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.54622/fahima.v3i1.134
Apriliani, N. A., & Sariyah, N. (2026). Analisis Fikih terhadap Mekanisme Pegadaian Syariah. Tadrisia: Education and Islamic Studies, 1(2), 50–57. https://research.nusantaraglobal.ac.id/index.php/tadrisia/article/view/21
Anisah, A., & Gucandra, Y. (2025). Strategi Meningkatkan Literasi Keuangan Syariah Melalui Pengajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Krigan: Journal of Management and Sharia Business, 3(2), 178–198. https://doi.org/10.30983/KRIGAN.V3I2.10089
Ariani, H. F., Putri, S. A., & Taslim, F. (2026). Pengaruh Delay of Gratification terhadap Perilaku Penggunaan Layanan Paylater pada Mahasiswa: Tinjauan Berbasis Delaying Gratification Inventory. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 2(2), 1221–1230. https://doi.org/10.63822/DCVNAW76
Asyhad, M., & Handono, W. A. (2017). Urgensi Literasi Keuangan Syariah pada Pendidikan Dasar. MIYAH: Jurnal Studi Islam, 13(01), 126–143. https://doi.org/10.33754/MIYAH.V13I01.124
Blake, P. R. (2018). Giving what one should: explanations for the knowledge-behavior gap for altruistic giving. Current Opinion in Psychology, 20, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COPSYC.2017.07.041
Conner, M. (2020). Theory of Planned Behavior. In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of Sport Psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 1–18). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119568124.CH1
D.K, RA. A., Soleha, M., S, M. D., & Rizal, Z. (2025). Fenomena Paylater: Cermin Gaya Hidup Konsumtif Generasi Z di Indonesia Islam. Journal of Education, Cultural and Politics , 5(4), 859–870. https://doi.org/10.24036/JECCO.V5I4.904
Emerson, R. W. (2024). Validity and Reliability. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 118(4), 280–281. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145482X241278447;PAGE:STRING:ARTICLE/CHAPTER
Fathihani, F., Meutia, K. I., Rahmat, R., Ferdiyantoro, S., & Kurniati, M. (2026). Digital Credit Risk Management Training: An Introduction to Online Loans and Paylater Services for Generation Z. Journal of Community Service and Empowerment, 7(1), 356–365. https://doi.org/10.22219/JCSE.V7I1.44479
Fatimah, N. (2021). Tinjauan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 117/DSN-MUI/II/2018 terhadap Praktik Pembayaran Produk secara Kredit Menggunakan Fitur Pembayaran Shopee PayLater pada Aplikasi Shopee [UIN Sunan Gunung Djati]. https://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/45307/
Habibi, F. H. N., Lestari, A. G., & Rusmiyati, K. (2025). Pengaruh Pengetahuan Riba dan Kebutuhan Mahasiswa terhadap Keputusan Menggunakan Pinjaman Online (Studi Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Majalengka yang Menggunakan Layanan Pinjaman Online). JIE: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 11(2), 304–321. https://www.jurnal.stie-aas.ac.id/index.php/jei/article/view/17120
Habib, D. P. S., & Nurjannah, N. (2026). Etika Penagihan Utang dalam al-Qur’ān dan Relevansinya terhadap Praktik Debt Collection Fintech: Studi Komparatif Tafsir al-Ālūsī dan al-Sya‘rāwī atas QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 280. Tadrisia: Education and Islamic Studies, 1(2), 44–49. https://research.nusantaraglobal.ac.id/index.php/tadrisia/article/view/22
Ibrahim, E. K., & Azzaki, M. A. (2025). Pengaruh Pemahaman Mahasiswa Tentang Hukum Riba terhadap Keputusan menjadi Nasabah di Bank Syariah. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Pelita Bangsa, 10(02), 372–386. https://doi.org/10.37366/JESPB.V10I02.2585
Imam Candika, Y., Sintya Riadi, F., Lestari Hafqi Putri, E., & Bahtera, N. T. (2025). Kecenderungan Penggunaan Paylater di Kalangan Mahasiswa: Peran Perilaku Konsumtif dan Tekanan Sosial. Journal of Management and Digital Business, 5(2), 685–702. https://doi.org/10.53088/JMDB.V5I2.1862
Inas, B., & Huda, N. (2026). Pengembangan Sukuk dalam Sistem Keuangan Islam Modern: Konsep, Implementasi, dan Tantangan. Tadrisia: Education and Islamic Studies, 1(2), 21–33. https://research.nusantaraglobal.ac.id/index.php/tadrisia/article/view/19
Ismail, I., & Huda, N. (2026). The Implementation of Stock Waqf In Indonesia: Challenges, Opportunities, and Legal Implications. Tadrisia: Education and Islamic Studies, 1(2), 34–43. https://research.nusantaraglobal.ac.id/index.php/tadrisia/article/view/20
Irawan, D., Widhi, P. N., Sagiman, R., & Nugroho, S. (2021). Pengaruh Theory Planned Behavior terhadap Keputusan Menabung di Rekening Syariah. Indonesian Business Review, 3(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.21632/IBR.3.1.1-14
Kamaruddin, A. M., Adawiyah, R., & Syadariani. (2026). Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Keputusan Penggunaan Shopeepay Later dalam Perspektif Maqasid Syariah. Jurnal Oportunitas : Ekonomi Pembangunan, 5(1), 178–186. https://doi.org/10.29303/OPORTUNITAS.V5I1.2962
Lazarsfeld, P. F., & Robinson, W. S. (2025). The Quantification of Case Studies. Paul F. Lazarsfeld, An Empirical Theory of Action: Collected Writings, 283–289. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-92674-7_16/SAVE-RESEARCH
Luthfi, M. (2025). Pengaruh Pemahaman Fiqih terhadap Kepatuhan Hukum Islam dalam Praktik Bisnis Syariah di Indonesia. Justisia: Jurnal Hukum Dan Humaniora, 1(01), 37–44. https://doi.org/10.022025/YFGNZ120
Mahanani, A. D., Nauli, D. A., & Sihombing, J. A. (2025). Dampak Literasi Keuangan dan Financial Experience Generasi Z terhadap Penggunaan PayLater di E-Commerce. PENG: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 2(2), 1955–1963. https://doi.org/10.62710/TTP4H731
Miller, Z. D. (2017). The Enduring Use of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 22(6), 583–590. https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2017.1347967
Mubaraq, A., Rusandry, R., & Atiqah, N. (2024). Analisis Pemahaman Mahasiswa Muslim Tentang Riba. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 10(1), 436–444. https://doi.org/10.29040/JIEI.V10I1.11389
Muna, F., Nurhuda, A., Maghfuroh, A., & Lathif, N. M. (2024). Conceptions of Classroom Management in Education. Jurnal BELAINDIKA (Pembelajaran Dan Inovasi Pendidikan), 6(1), 55–63. https://belaindika.nusaputra.ac.id/article/view/140
Munis, I. D., Pranoto, A. H., Nurhuda, A., & Putri, Y. (2026). Integrative And Interconnective Paradigms In Islamic Education. Edelweiss: Journal Of Innovation In Educational Research, 3(3), 37–45. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.62462/edelweiss.v3i3.98
Muslihudin, M., Nurhuda, A., Janah, S. I., Farda, F. U. S., & Sinta, D. (2023). The Use of Wizer. Me Learning Media to Improve Students’ Mufradat Memorization at MTs Negeri 6 Boyolali. Jurnal BELAINDIKA: Pembelajaran Dan Inovasi Pendidikan, 5(2), 51–62. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.52005/belaindika.v5i2.120
Na’im, A., Solikhah, P., & Mawftiq, R. (2023). Pengaruh Kemudahan dan Religiusitas terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Menggunakan Paylater pada Marketplace Shopee pada Mahasiswa IIQ An Nur Yogyakarta. Quranomic: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 2(1), 79–101. https://doi.org/10.37252/JEBI.V2I1.408
Ningsih, M. C., Woestho, C., & Kurniawan, D. (2023). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Manfaat Paylater dan Pendapatan Generasi Z terhadap Minat Penggunaan Paylater di Platform Shopee pada Kecamatan Tambun Selatan. JURNAL ECONOMINA, 2(11), 3218–3231. https://doi.org/10.55681/ECONOMINA.V2I11.967
Ni’mah, S. J., Nurhuda, A., & Fajri, M. Al. (2023). The Concept Of Teacher Adab In The Book Of Minhajjul Muta’allim Work Of Imam Al-Ghazali. Jendela PLS, 8(2), 159-172. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37058/jpls.v7i1
Njeri Mugwe, J., & Runo, S. (2026). Sampling. Research Methodology in Agricultural Sciences, 375–396. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-1892-0_16
Nugroho, A. R. (2022). Tinjauan Fatwa DSN-MUI No.117/DSN-MUI/II/2018 terhadap Jual Beli Online dengan Menggunakan Fitur ShoopePayLater [UIN Sunan Gunung Djati]. https://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/48715/
Nurchayati, Kristanto, A., Prasetyo, H. E., & Ikut, C. I. (2025). Pengaruh Promosi, Kemudahan Transaksi dan Kepercayaan Pada Pengguna Shopee Paylater Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Jesya: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Ekonomi Syariah, 8(1), 62–73. https://doi.org/10.36778/JESYA.V8I1.1799
Nurfitri, A. R., Dimyati, Winarsih, & Setyaningsih, E. (2025). Fenomena Peningkatan Penggunaan Paylater di Indonesia dan Dampaknya Terhadap Perilaku Masyarakat. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 5(2), 2963–2981. https://doi.org/10.31004/INNOVATIVE.V5I2.18679
Nurhuda, A. (2026). Amanah, Bukan Kepemilikan: Dialektika Antara Etika Ilahiah Dan Struktur Sosial Dalam Fiqh Ekonomi Islam. International, Journal of Sharia Business Management, 5(1), 84–93. https://e-journalbarokahpublisher.com/index.php/JMBS/article/view/262
Nurhuda, A., Hariyadi, M., Aziz, T., & Lathif, N. M. (2026). Cosmos as a Divine Text: Reconstruction of the Epistemology of Qur’anic Interpretation Based on Modern Astrophysics. Jurnal Studi Al-Qur’an, 22(1), 101–120. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21009/JSQ.22.1.06
Nurhuda, A., & Nawawi, A. M. (2025). Tahafut al-Falasifah as a Critique of Paradigms: A Philosophical Analysis from the Perspective of Modern Science. Anjasmoro: Islamic Interdisciplinary Journal, 3(1), 22–35. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.69965/anjasmoro.v3i1.201
Nurhuda, A., Ni’mah, S. J., Al Khoiron, M. F., & Azami, Y. S. (2024). Function And Role Of Technology In Education. In Proceeding of International Conference on Education, 266–271.
Permatasari, M., & Agus Wijaya, B. (2026). Kecakapan Bertindak (Ahliyah Al-Ada’) Anak di Bawah Umur dalam Transaksi Paylater Perspektif Yuridis-Normatif. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Perbankan Syariah (JIMPA), 6(1), 85–98. https://doi.org/10.36908/JIMPA.V6I1.840
Putri, A. F. G., Miswanto, & Budiati, Y. (2026). Pengaruh Kemudahan Akses, Literasi Keuangan, dan Self Control Terhadap Intensitas Penggunaan Layanan Pay Later/ BNPL. Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 19(1), 24–45. https://doi.org/10.26623/JREB.V19I1.13800
Putri, A. A., Azhaar, A. N., Nurhuda, A., Huda, A. A. S., Pranoto, A. H., & Ismail, M. F. (2026). Halal fashion brand placement strategy: jilbrave innovation in the film cinta dalam ikhlas. El-Aswaq, 6(2), 21–32. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.31106/laswq.v6i02.29982
Putri, E. M., Putra, I., & Kurniadi, R. (2025). Literasi Keuangan, Manfaat Paylater, dan Locus of Control: Studi Perilaku Penggunaan Shopee Paylater di Kota Jambi. Jurnal Simki Economic, 8(2), 618–628. https://doi.org/10.29407/JSE.V8I2.1368
Putri, M. N. (2022). Literasi Keuangan Syariah dan Kinerja UMKM. Milkiyah: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, 1(2), 81–87. https://doi.org/10.46870/MILKIYAH.V1I2.240
Putri, Y., Khoiron, M. F. Al, Muna, F., Nurhuda, A., Sinta, D., & Anugrah, D. S. (2024). Karakteristik Guru Ideal dalam Film Pemenang Oscar Berjudul Good Will Hunting. Action Research Journal, 1(2), 150–162. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.63987/arj.v1i2.74
Putri, Y., & Nurhuda, A. (2023). Kontribusi Pemikiran Mohammad Natsir Dalam Lembaga Pendidikan Di Indonesia. JIS: Journal Islamic Studies, 1(3), 262–281. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.71456/jis.v1i3.444
Ramadan, S. B., Fr, D. A., Basukiyatno, & Nafiati, D. A. (2025). Pengaruh E–Commerce di Era Digital Terhadap Pola Konsumsi Mahasiswa Universitas Pancasakti Tegal. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Undiksha, 17(2), 516–522. https://doi.org/10.23887/JJPE.V17I2.100854
Rofiah, L., & Graciafernandy, M. A. (2023). Persepsi dan Minat Penggunaan Aplikasi Paylater. Jurnal Ilmiah Aset, 25(1), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.37470/1.25.1.216
Sahlan, M., & Nasution, M. I. P. (2024). Hubungan Antara Kesadaran Privasi Data Pribadi dan Penggunaan Layanan PayLater di Kalangan Pengguna E-commerce di Indonesia. JOURNAL SAINS STUDENT RESEARCH, 2(4), 271–278. https://doi.org/10.61722/JSSR.V2I4.1997
Selviana, N., & Zulkarnain. (2025). Studi Perilaku Kredit Berisiko Mahasiswa dalam Penggunaan Layanan Paylater. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Dan Keuangan (JIAKu), 4(4), 258–272. https://doi.org/10.24034/JIAKU.V4I4.7437
Sinta, D., Fakhruddin, A., Nurhuda, A., & Lathif, N. M. (2025). Curriculum Design For Developing 21st-Century Skills: A Case Study Of An Islamic High School. Research in Education and Rehabilitation, 8(1), 72–85. https://rer.ba/index.php/rer/article/view/239
Sinta, D., Ningtias, A., Nurhuda, A., Maulida, F. R., & Putri, A. A. (2026). Kajian Akhlak Menurut Al-Ghazali, Hasan Al-Basri, Al-Muhasibi Dan Al-Qusyairi. MAHABBAH: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin Dan Pemikiran Islam, 2(1), 214–228. https://journal.iai-daraswaja-rohil.ac.id/index.php/mahabbah/article/view/133
Sinta, D., Nurhuda, A., Maulida, F. R., & Putra, F. A. (2025). Antropologi Filsafat Hakikat Manusia dan Pendidikan: Sebuah Kajian Pustaka. Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Dan Dinamika Sosial, 1(1), 40–49. https://terranovajournal.com/JPIDS/article/view/57
Sinta, D., Sumarna, E., Nurhuda, A., & Rohmah, K. S. (2025). Tanggung Jawab Sosial dalam Menuntut Ilmu: Kajian Hadits Bukhari Nomor 5289 tentang Pendidikan Kesehatan. JISRev: Journal of Islamic Studies Review, 1(1), 31–41. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.69548/jisrev.1.1.31
Sitepu, G. A., & Fadila, A. (2024). Analisis Pemanfaatan Layanan Paylater di Era Keuangan Digital Oleh Generasi Z. Journal of Young Entrepreneurs, 3(1), 55–70. https://ejournal.upnvj.ac.id/jye/article/view/7487
Stibe, A., Krüger, N., & Behne, A. (2022). Knowledge Behavior Gap Model: An Application for Technology Acceptance. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 13475 LNCS, 3–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14391-5_1/SAVE-RESEARCH
Sugiyono. (2022). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. CV. Alfabeta.
Suparman, M. (2023). Niat Perilaku Generasi Z dan Milenial dalam Menggunakan Fitur Pay Later. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Pemasaran Digital, 3(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.35912/JBPD.V3I1.2944
Sussman, R., & Gifford, R. (2019). Causality in the Theory of Planned Behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 45(6), 920–933. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167218801363;PAGE:STRING:ARTICLE/CHAPTER
Thirumalai, C., Chandhini, S. A., & Vaishnavi, M. (2017). Analysing the concrete compressive strength using Pearson and Spearman. Proceedings of the International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology, ICECA 2017, 2017-January, 215–218. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECA.2017.8212799
Ulum, Z., & Asmuni, A. (2023). Transaksi Paylater Persepektif Hukum Islam. Al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum (JSYH), 5(1), 59–72. https://doi.org/10.20885/MAWARID.VOL5.ISS1.ART5
Ulum, F. B., Nurhuda, A., Ni’am, S., Anggraheni, U. S., Putri, Y., Nur’Aini, K. N., Anugerah, R. B., & Murjazin, M. (2023). International Academic Program 2023 Unu Surakarta At The Indonesian School Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. Abdi Nusa: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(2), 129–141. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.52005/abdinusa.v3i2.137
Wesolowski, B. C., & Wind, S. A. (2019). Validity, Reliability, and Fairness in Music Testing. In T. S. Brophy (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Assessment Policy and Practice in Music Education (Vol. 1, pp. 437–460). Oxford University Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=9suCDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA437&dq=Validity+and+Reliability+Testing&ots=qCAUBNK6d9&sig=JziNdGLTCPKbczUIVhyR-xnLcto&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Validity%20and%20Reliability%20Testing&f=false
Xiao, C., Ye, J., Esteves, R. M., & Rong, C. (2016). Using Spearman’s correlation coefficients for exploratory data analysis on big dataset. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, 28(14), 3866–3878. https://doi.org/10.1002/CPE.3745;CSUBTYPE:STRING:SPECIAL;PAGE:STRING:ARTICLE/CHAPTER
Yasin, R. N., & Marsiska, S. (2023). Pengaruh Penggunaan Layanan Paylater Terhadap Perilaku Impulsif Mahasiswa Pengguna E-Commerce di Jawa Barat. Applied Business and Administration Journal, 2(2), 59–65. https://doi.org/10.62201/25Q7P247
Yudhira, A. (2024). Peran Dakwah dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Keuangan Syariah: Studi pada Pasar Sukuk di Indonesia. JURNAL SYIAR-SYIAR, 4(2), 86–101. https://doi.org/10.36490/SYIAR.V4I2.1561
Yuliana, F., Amalia, F., & Ariyanti, O. (2025). Pengaruh Layanan Paylater terhadap Perilaku Konsumtif Generasi Muda di Indonesia. Journal of Economic Studies, 1(1), 33–38. https://doi.org/10.62872/3F4K9T19
Yusriza, Afhdal, K., Wilda, N. S., & Amin, M. (2025). Analisis Perilaku Konsumsi Mahasiswa dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Perilaku pada Era Digital. Economia: Journal of Economics and Management, 4(1), 39–57. https://ejournal.cyberdakwah.com/index.php/Economia/article/view/350
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Gilang Muhammad Fajri Faresi, Siti Aisah, Rully Aglira, Cacu Joni Iryanto, Ali Anhar Syi’bul Huda (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.











